106/ml (WHO, 1980), but by the publication of the fifth edition in 2010, this value was reduced to 15 × 106/ml (WHO, 2010), an incredible decline of 75 percent.

 

Ingestion of Microplastics Can Lead

to Reduced Sperm Quality

The effects of microplastics on marine organisms and terrestrial mammals have been well docu-mented.[38] In recent years, the effects of microplastics on the reproductive system have attracted increasing attention. Polystyrene microplastics (also known as styrofoam) exert significant toxic effects on the reproductive system of male mice. After 28 days of exposure to polystyrene microplastics, sperm quality and testosterone levels in mice decreased. A hematoxylin and eosin stain showed disorganized spermatogonia, multinucleated gonadotrophic cells in...

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